CentOS 7 源码安装MysqL5.7.19

1. 引言

本指南介绍如何在 CentOS 7.1（64 位）上源码安装MysqL5.7.19。

参考系统：

[root@centos7 ~]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: centos7.example.com
         Icon name: computer
           Chassis: n/a
        Machine ID: 583b4d69eaea465ea4bb96ac3b891e15
           Boot ID: 931ed1af622046ebbde071a87844a7d5
    Virtualization: kvm
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-229.11.1.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86_64

2. 先决条件

成功安装操作系统后，请确认主机名称并在你的 DNS 上登记它。你也可选择在 /etc/hosts 内加入你的 IP 主机名。

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/hostname
centos7.example.com

启用防火墙

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --state
running

把 CentOS 系统更新至最新组件，安装依赖包

yum update -y
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake

下载MysqL-5.7.19.tar.gz版本

cd /root/
wget https://cdn.MysqL.com//Downloads/MysqL-5.7/MysqL-5.7.19.tar.gz

下载 Boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

cd /root/
wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar xzvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

3. 安装步骤

添加禁止登陆的MysqL用户，创建安装目录

[root@centos7 ~]# groupadd -r MysqL && useradd -r -g MysqL -s /bin/false -M MysqL
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/MysqL/app
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/MysqL/data

预编译MysqL（debug版）

[root@centos7 ~]# tar zxvf MysqL-5.7.19.tar.gz
cd MysqL-5.7.19
mkdir bld
cd bld
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/MysqL/app \
-DMysqL_DATADIR=/opt/MysqL/data \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \ -DSYSconfdIR=/etc \ -DWITH_BOOST=/root/boost_1_59_0 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \ -DWITH_EMbedDED_SERVER=OFF

编译安装

[root@centos7 ~]# make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l` 
[root@centos7 ~]# make install

设置权限并初始化 MysqL 系统授权表

[root@centos7 ~]# cd /opt/MysqL/
chown -R MysqL:MysqL .
mkdir temp
chmod 777 ./temp
./app/bin/MysqLd --initialize-insecure --user=MysqL --basedir=/opt/MysqL/app --datadir=/opt/MysqL/data

4. 安装后的任务

4.1.创建配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF

[client]    
port=3306    
socket=/opt/MysqL/temp/MysqL.sock    
[MysqLd]    
character-set-server=utf8    
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
skip-external-locking   
skip-name-resolve
user=MysqL   
port=3306    
basedir=/opt/MysqL/app    
datadir=/opt/MysqL/data   
tmpdir=/opt/MysqL/temp    
# server_id = ..... 
socket=/opt/MysqL/temp/MysqL.sock  
log-error=/opt/MysqL/logs/MysqL_error.log    
pid-file=/opt/MysqL/MysqL.pid    
open_files_limit=10240    
back_log=600    
max_connections=500    
max_connect_errors=6000    
wait_timeout=605800    
#open_tables=600 
#table_cache = 650 
#opened_tables = 630
max_allowed_packet=32M   
sort_buffer_size=4M    
join_buffer_size=4M    
thread_cache_size=300    
query_cache_type=1    
query_cache_size=256M    
query_cache_limit=2M    
query_cache_min_res_unit=16k
tmp_table_size=256M   
max_heap_table_size=256M
key_buffer_size=256M   
read_buffer_size=1M    
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M    
bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M
lower_case_table_names=1
default-storage-engine=INNODB
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G   
innodb_log_buffer_size=32M    
innodb_log_file_size=128M    
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT    
##################### 
long_query_time=2    
slow-query-log=on    
slow-query-log-file=/opt/MysqL/logs/MysqL-slow.log
[MysqLdump]   
quick    
max_allowed_packet=32M
[MysqLd_safe]   
log-error=/var/log/MysqLd.log    
pid-file=/var/run/MysqLd/MysqLd.pid    
EOF

4.2.配置MysqL服务

[root@centos7 ~]# cp /opt/MysqL/app/support-files/MysqL.server /etc/init.d/MysqLd
chkconfig --add MysqLd
chkconfig MysqLd on

4.3. 防火墙

请登录成为 root 并检查已引导的本地

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
public
  interfaces: eth0

打开相关的端口

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports
3306/tcp

4.4. 启动服务

service MysqLd start
netstat -anpt | grep MysqLd

4.5.配置MysqL环境变量

echo -e '\n\nexport PATH=/opt/MysqL/app/bin:$PATH\n' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

4.6.设置数据库root用户密码

MysqL_secure_installation

4.7.创建其他MysqL数据库用户

MysqL -uroot -p   
MysqL> CREATE USER 'jackgo'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'server@123'; 
myqsl> exit