运算符函数
struct Vector2D {
var x = 0.0,y = 0.0
}
func + (left: Vector2D,right: Vector2D) -> Vector2D {
return Vector2D(x: left.x + right.x,y: left.y + right.y)
}
let vector = Vector2D(x: 3.0,y: 1.0)
let anotherVector = Vector2D(x: 2.0,y: 4.0)
let combinedVector = vector + anotherVector
// combinedVector 是一个新的Vector2D,值为 (5.0,5.0)
前置或后置运算符
函数前标注 prefix或postfix
prefix func - (vector: Vector2D) -> Vector2D {
return Vector2D(x: -vector.x,y: -vector.y)
}
let positive = Vector2D(x: 3.0,y: 4.0)
let negative = -positive
// negative 为 (-3.0,-4.0)
let alsoPositive = -negative
// alsoPositive 为 (3.0,4.0)
组合赋值表达式
func += (inout left: Vector2D,right: Vector2D) {
left = left + right
}
var original = Vector2D(x: 1.0,y: 2.0)
let vectorToAdd = Vector2D(x: 3.0,y: 4.0)
original += vectorToAdd
// original 现在为 (4.0,6.0)
prefix func ++ (inout vector: Vector2D) -> Vector2D {
vector += Vector2D(x: 1.0,y: 1.0)
return vector
}
var toIncrement = Vector2D(x: 3.0,y: 4.0)
let afterIncrement = ++toIncrement
// toIncrement 现在是 (4.0,5.0)
// afterIncrement 现在也是 (4.0,5.0)
比较运算符
func == (left: Vector2D,right: Vector2D) -> Bool {
return (left.x == right.x) && (left.y == right.y)
}
func != (left: Vector2D,right: Vector2D) -> Bool {
return !(left == right)
}
let twoThree = Vector2D(x: 2.0,y: 3.0)
let anotherTwoThree = Vector2D(x: 2.0,y: 3.0)
if twoThree == anotherTwoThree {
print("这两个向量是相等的.")
}
自定义运算符
prefix operator +++ {}
prefix func +++ (inout vector: Vector2D) -> Vector2D {
vector += vector
return vector
}
var tobedoubled = Vector2D(x: 1.0,y: 4.0)
let afterDoubling = +++tobedoubled
// tobedoubled 现在是 (2.0,8.0)
// afterDoubling 现在也是 (2.0,8.0) 在自定义运算符中还可以设定自定义运算符的优先级和结合性，来处理更复杂的任务。