前言
在日常的工作中，定时任务也是一个非常常见的需求，可以使用注解实现，但是使用这种方式有几个问题，首先就是如果修改比较麻烦，而且没有提供特定的页面对定时任务进行可视化管理。所以quartz就应运而生。本文将介绍如何实现springboot与quartz的整合。
1.目录结构
配置类 配置SchedulerFactory固化定时任务和日志的业务类定时任务类运行配置
2.原理
- scheduler是一个计划调度器容器（总部），容器里面可以盛放众多的JobDetail和trigger，当容器启动后，里面的每个JobDetail都会根据trigger按部就班自动去执行。
- JobDetail是一个可执行的工作，它本身可能是有状态的。
- Trigger代表一个调度参数的配置，什么时候去调。
- 当JobDetail和Trigger在scheduler容器上注册后，形成了装配好的作业（JobDetail和Trigger所组成的一对儿），就可以伴随容器启动而调度执行了。
- scheduler是个容器，容器中有一个线程池，用来并行调度执行每个作业，这样可以提高容器效率
3.表结构
自带有11张系统表和2张业务表(自建)，其中绿色为自己建立的表
4.整合springboot
1.pom文件
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>2.ScheduleConfig
配置工厂类的参数。
@Configuration
public class ScheduleConfig {
@Bean
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(DataSource dataSource) {
SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
factory.setDataSource(dataSource);
// quartz参数
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.put("org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName", "QUARTZ");
prop.put("org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId", "AUTO");
// 线程池配置
prop.put("org.quartz.threadPool.class", "org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool");
prop.put("org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount", "20");
prop.put("org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority", "5");
// JobStore配置
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.class", "org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX");
// 集群配置
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered", "true");
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval", "15000");
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime", "1");
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.txIsolationLevelSerializable", "true");
// sqlserver 启用
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold", "12000");
prop.put("org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix", "QRTZ_");
factory.setQuartzProperties(prop);
factory.setSchedulerName("QUARTZ");
// 延时启动
factory.setStartupDelay(1);
factory.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContextKey");
// 可选，QuartzScheduler
// 启动时更新己存在的Job，这样就不用每次修改targetObject后删除qrtz_job_details表对应记录了
factory.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
// 设置自动启动，默认为true
factory.setAutoStartup(true);
return factory;
}
}3.业务类
主要是为页面提供接口。
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/qrtzJob")
public class QrtzJobController {
@Autowired
private QrtzJobService qrtzJobService;
/**
* 检查表达式
*
* @param cron
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/check")
public boolean checkCron(String cron) {
try {
return CronExpression.isValidExpression(cron);
} catch (Exception e) {
return false;
}
}
/**
* 通过对象查询数据
*
* @param qrtzJobVO 请求对象
* @return 数据集合
*/
@GetMapping("/selectQrtzJob")
@ApiOperation(value = "通过实体查询", notes = "通过实体查询")
public Result<List<QrtzJobVO>>
selectQrtzJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) QrtzJobVO qrtzJobVO) {
Result<List<QrtzJobVO>> resultVO = new Result<>();
// 业务查询
List<QrtzJobVO> resultListQrtzJob = qrtzJobService.queryQrtzJobAll(qrtzJobVO);
resultVO.setData(resultListQrtzJob);
return resultVO;
}
/**
* 通过对象增加数据
*
* @param qrtzJobVO 请求对象
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("/createQrtzJob")
@ApiOperation(value = "通过实体添加", notes = "通过实体添加")
public Result
createQrtzJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody QrtzJobVO qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.createScheduleJob(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
/**
* 通过对象修改
*
* @param qrtzJobVO 请求对象
* @return
*/
@PutMapping("/updateQrtzJob")
@ApiOperation(value = "通过实体修改", notes = "通过实体修改")
public Result
updateQrtzJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody QrtzJobVO qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.updateScheduleJob(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
/**
* 通过对象删除
*
* @param qrtzJobVO 请求对象
* @return
*/
@DeleteMapping("/deleteQrtzJob")
@ApiOperation(value = "通过实体删除", notes = "通过实体删除")
public Result
deleteQrtzJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody QrtzJobVO qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.deleteScheduleJob(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
/**
* 运行定时任务
*
* @param qrtzJobVO
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/runJob")
public Result
runJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody List<QrtzJobVO> qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.run(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
/**
* 暂停定时任务
*
* @param qrtzJobVO
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/pauseJob")
public Result
pauseJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody List<QrtzJobVO> qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.pause(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
@GetMapping("resumeJob")
public Result
resumeJob(@ApiParam(name = "入参对象", value = "实体", required = false) @RequestBody List<QrtzJobVO> qrtzJobVO) {
Result resultVO = new Result();
// 业务处理
qrtzJobService.resume(qrtzJobVO);
return resultVO;
}
}4.运行配置
ScheduleUtils:将新添加的trigger，jobDetail放入scheduler中。
public class ScheduleUtils {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleUtils.class);
private static final String JOB_NAME_PREFIX = "TASK_";
private static TriggerKey getTriggerKey(Long jobId) {
return TriggerKey.triggerKey("TASK_" jobId);
}
private static JobKey getJobKey(Long jobId) {
return JobKey.jobKey("TASK_" jobId);
}
public static CronTrigger getCronTrigger(Scheduler scheduler, Long jobId) {
try {
return (CronTrigger)scheduler.getTrigger(getTriggerKey(jobId));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("获取Cron表达式失败", e);
return null;
}
}
public static void createScheduleJob(Scheduler scheduler, QrtzJobVO scheduleJob) {
try {
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(com.job.util.ScheduleJob.class)
.withIdentity(getJobKey(scheduleJob.getJobId())).build();
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(scheduleJob.getCronExpression())
.withMisfireHandlingInstructionDoNothing();
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withIdentity(getTriggerKey(scheduleJob.getJobId())).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("JOB_PARAM_KEY", scheduleJob);
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
if (scheduleJob.getStatus().equals(CommonConstant.QUARTZ_PAUSE)) {
pauseJob(scheduler, scheduleJob.getJobId());
}
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("创建定时任务失败", e);
}
}
public static void updateScheduleJob(Scheduler scheduler, QrtzJobVO scheduleJob) {
try {
TriggerKey triggerKey = getTriggerKey(scheduleJob.getJobId());
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(scheduleJob.getCronExpression())
.withMisfireHandlingInstructionDoNothing();
CronTrigger trigger = getCronTrigger(scheduler, scheduleJob.getJobId());
if (trigger == null) {
throw new SchedulerException("获取Cron表达式失败");
}
trigger =
(CronTrigger)trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
trigger.getJobDataMap().put("JOB_PARAM_KEY", scheduleJob);
scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
if (scheduleJob.getStatus().equals(CommonConstant.QUARTZ_PAUSE)) {
pauseJob(scheduler, scheduleJob.getJobId());
}
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("更新定时任务失败", e);
}
}
public static void run(Scheduler scheduler, QrtzJobVO scheduleJob) {
try {
JobDataMap dataMap = new JobDataMap();
dataMap.put("JOB_PARAM_KEY", scheduleJob);
scheduler.triggerJob(getJobKey(scheduleJob.getJobId()), dataMap);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("执行定时任务失败", e);
}
}
public static void pauseJob(Scheduler scheduler, Long jobId) {
try {
scheduler.pauseJob(getJobKey(jobId));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("暂停定时任务失败", e);
}
}
public static void resumeJob(Scheduler scheduler, Long jobId) {
try {
scheduler.resumeJob(getJobKey(jobId));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("恢复定时任务失败", e);
}
}
public static void deleteScheduleJob(Scheduler scheduler, Long jobId) {
try {
scheduler.deleteJob(getJobKey(jobId));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
log.error("删除定时任务失败", e);
}
}
}5.ScheduleJob
用于执行定时任务。
public class ScheduleJob extends QuartzJobBean {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleJob.class);
private ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
@Override
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) {
QrtzJobVO scheduleJob = (QrtzJobVO)context.getMergedJobDataMap().get("JOB_PARAM_KEY");
QrtzJobLogService scheduleJobLogService = (QrtzJobLogService) SpringContextUtil.getBean(QrtzJobLogService.class);
QrtzJobLogVO jobLog = new QrtzJobLogVO();
jobLog.setJobId(scheduleJob.getJobId());
jobLog.setBeanName(scheduleJob.getBeanName());
jobLog.setMethodName(scheduleJob.getMethodName());
if (CommonUtil.isEmpty(scheduleJob.getParams())) {
jobLog.setParams("");
} else {
jobLog.setParams(scheduleJob.getParams());
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
log.info("任务准备执行，任务ID：{}", scheduleJob.getJobId());
ScheduleRunnable task =
new ScheduleRunnable(scheduleJob.getBeanName(), scheduleJob.getMethodName(), scheduleJob.getParams());
Future<?> future = this.service.submit(task);
future.get();
long times = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
jobLog.setTimes(Long.valueOf(times));
jobLog.setStatus("0");
log.info("任务执行完毕，任务ID：{} 总共耗时：{} 毫秒", scheduleJob.getJobId(), Long.valueOf(times));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("任务执行失败，任务ID：" scheduleJob.getJobId(), e);
long times = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
jobLog.setTimes(Long.valueOf(times));
jobLog.setStatus("1");
jobLog.setError(StringUtils.substring(e.toString(), 0, 2000));
} finally {
scheduleJobLogService.insertQrtzJobLog(jobLog);
}
}
}6.ScheduleRunnable
通过反射回去需要调用的类与方法。
public class ScheduleRunnable implements Runnable {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleRunnable.class);
private Object target;
private Method method;
private String params;
ScheduleRunnable(String beanName, String methodName, String params)
throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
this.target = SpringContextUtil.getBean(beanName);
this.params = params;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(params)) {
this.method = this.target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, new Class[] {String.class});
} else {
this.method = this.target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, new Class[0]);
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(this.method);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(this.params)) {
this.method.invoke(this.target, new Object[] {this.params});
} else {
this.method.invoke(this.target, new Object[0]);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("执行定时任务失败", e);
}
}
}5.使用
调用以上接口 ，参数如下。
"beanName":"任务类",
"methodName":"任务方法",
"params":"参数",
"cronExpression":"表达式",
总结
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