1. xml配置文件的读取
目录结构
applicationContext.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">
<!--通过无参构造创建对象-->
<bean id = "userDao" class="org.example.POI.UserDaoImpl"/>
</beans>1.1 通过类路径读取配置文件
package org.example.POI;
public interface UserDao {
public void say();
}package org.example.POI;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
@Override
public void say() {
System.out.println("userDao say Hello World!");
}
} @Test
public void shouldAnswerWithTrue()
{
//读取配置文件,创建Spring容器, 根据类路径读取
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//根据id获取对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDao");
UserDao userDao2 = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDao");
//使用对象调用方法
userDao.say();
//默认单例
System.out.println(userDao == userDao2);
}
1.2 通过文件系统绝对路径读取配置文件
@Test
public void Test01(){
//根据文件系统的绝对路径读取配置文件
ApplicationContext context1 =
new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("E:\\绝对路径 "
"\\src\\main\\resource\\applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao1 = (UserDao) context1.getBean("userDao");
UserDao userDao2 = (UserDao) context1.getBean("userDao");
userDao1.say();
//默认单例
System.out.println(userDao1 == userDao2);
}
1.3使用BeanFactory接口读取配置文件
@Test
public void diffrentTest(){
//将配置文件信息封装到Resource对象中
ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("applicationContext.xml");
//通过Resource对象创建容器
BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
//通过id获取对应的对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) beanFactory.getBean("userDao");
UserDao userDao1 = (UserDao) beanFactory.getBean("userDao");
userDao.say();
System.out.println(userDao == userDao1);
}
BeanFactory 创建对象时才调用构造函数创建对象 延迟加载
ApplicationContext 在创建容器时就调用构造创建对象(读取配置文件后马上创建对象) 立即加载
2.带参构造对象的创建(constructor-arg标签)
public class User {
private Integer age;
private String userName;
public User() {
}
public User(Integer age, String userName) {
this.age = age;
this.userName = userName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{"
"age=" age
", userName='" userName '\''
'}';
}
}<!-- 调用有参构造,反射创建对象-->
<bean id = "user" class="org.example.pojo.User">
<constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="userName" value="貂蝉"></constructor-arg>
</bean> //创建带参构造对象
@Test
public void haveArgStruct(){
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
User user = (User) context.getBean("user");
System.out.println(user);
}
3.使用另一个类中的方法创建对象,并放到Spring容器中
package org.example.POI;
public interface UserService {
public void say();
}public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
this.userDao = userDao;
}
public UserDao createUserDao(){
System.out.println("我是UserServiceImpl,我创建了UserDao----");
UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
return userDao;
}
@Override
public void say() {
this.userDao.say();
System.out.println("userService say hello World!");
}
} <!--调用另一个类中的方法创建对象并将其加入到Spring容器中-->
<bean id="userDaoService" class="org.example.POI.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
<!--factory-bean: 另一个类的id factory-method: 另一个类中创建指定对象的方法名-->
<bean id="userDaoByService" factory-bean="userDaoService" factory-method="createUserDao"></bean> //调用另一个类中的方法创建对象
@Test
public void userDaoByUserService(){
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDaoByService");
userDao.say();
}
4.调用另一个类中的静态方法创建对象,并放到Spring容器中
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
this.userDao = userDao;
}
public static UserDao createUserDao1(){
System.out.println("我是static createUserDao1,我创建了UserDao----");
return new UserDaoImpl();
}
@Override
public void say() {
this.userDao.say();
System.out.println("userService say hello World!");
}
} <!--调用类中的静态方法创建对象存放到Spring容器中-->
<bean id="userDaoByService1" class="org.example.POI.UserServiceImpl" factory-method="createUserDao1"></bean> //调用另一个类中的静态方法创建对象
@Test
public void userDaoByUserService1(){
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDaoByService1");
userDao.say();
}
5.对象的生命周期
package org.example.POI;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
public UserDaoImpl(){
System.out.println("UserDaoImpl无参构造调用--------");
}
@Override
public void say() {
System.out.println("userDao say Hello World!");
}
public void demo01(){
System.out.println("init obj!");
}
public void demo02(){
System.out.println("destroy obj!");
}
} //对象的生命周期
@Test
public void lifecycle(){
//创建容器
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//销毁容器
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)context).close();
} <!--对象的生命周期-->
<!--init-method: 创建容器时调用demo01函数-->
<!--destroy-method: 销毁容器时调用demo02函数-->
<bean id="lifecycle" init-method="demo01" destroy-method="demo02" class="org.example.POI.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
6.单例多例的测试
package org.example.POI;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
public UserDaoImpl(){
System.out.println("UserDaoImpl无参构造调用--------");
}
@Override
public void say() {
System.out.println("userDao say Hello World!");
}
} @Test
public void shouldAnswerWithTrue()
{
//读取配置文件,读取Spring容器, 根据类路径读取
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//根据id获取对象
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDao");
UserDao userDao2 = (UserDao) context.getBean("userDao");
//使用对象调用方法
userDao.say();
//默认单例
System.out.println(userDao == userDao2);
}多例
<bean id = "userDao" scope="prototype" class="org.example.POI.UserDaoImpl"/>
默认单例
<bean id = "userDao" scope="singleton" class="org.example.POI.UserDaoImpl"/>
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